Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Some studies have already described an association between mild autonomous cortisol secretion and poorer bone quality and increased risk of fracture. However, no consensus exists on this topic and currently there are no guidelines recommending bone status evaluation in patients suffering from this condition.Aims: To evaluate bone mineral density in patients diagnosed with autonomous cortisol secretion (ACS) and possible autonomous cortisol ...

Background: Incidentally discovered adrenal tumours have become a common clinical problem. The presence of an adrenal incidentalomas has been associated with an increase incidence of several cardiovascular risk factors. These abnormalities are more frequent in patients with clinical and subclinical hypercortisolism, nevertheless some studies have reported an association between nonfunctioning adrenal incidentalomas (NFAIs) with increased insulin resistance and cardiovascular r...

Introduction: Masculinizing Gender-Affirming Hormone Therapy (GAHT) generally aims to induce testosterone levels equivalent to those of cisgender men and to reduce estradiol levels. There are no studies about bioavailable testosterone in this population.Aims: To determine the variation of the serum levels of sexual hormones in transmasculine people under GAHT and study the correlations between them and with BMI.Methods: Longitudina...

Introduction: The prevalence of Transgender individuals seeking gender affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) has been increasing. This therapy has been known to be highly effective in the treatment of gender dysphoria and enhancing mental health in this population.Aim: To evaluate the overall impact of GAHT on self-esteem, well-being and social/familial relations in the Portuguese adult transgender populationMethods: Cross-sectional stu...

Introduction: Adrenal incidentalomas are a frequent finding (1.4-7.3% on abdominal CT) and increasingly common with age, obesity, diabetes and hypertension. When approaching adrenal masses, clinicians should exclude malignancy and hormonal hypersecretion. Black adrenal adenomas (BAA), first reported in 1938, are rare benign adrenocortical tumours with black/brown appearance, containing lipofuscin. Most are non-functional, rarely inducing hypercortisolism. We present a case of ...

Background: The lack of circadian rhythm is a marker of Cushing’s syndrome (CS). Therefore, salivary cortisol rhythm has been suggested for studies on the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis. Late-night salivary cortisol has been used recently by many centers as a first line diagnostic test for CS, yet its accuracy is still on debate.Aim: To evaluated the performance of morning and late night salivary cortisol in patients with CS and...

Backgroud: Primary hyperparathyroidism is the most common cause of hypercalcemia, which is associated with an increased frequency of hypertension. However, there are no data on the prevalence of primary hyperparathyroidism in patients who present with hypertension.Clinical case: We present the case of a 40-year-old woman with a history of hypertension for ten years. In 2017 she was referred for evaluation of hypercalcemia. The patient denied any symptoms...

Introduction: The prevalence of Transgender individuals seeking gender affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) has been increasing. It is important to closely monitor this therapy in order to minimize the risk of adverse effects.Aim: To evaluate the safety and monitoring of the GAHT in the Portuguese adult transgender populationMethods: Cross-sectional study conducted in March 2021. Data collected through an online questionnaire ...

Introduction: Recent advance of genetic testing has contributed to the diagnosis of hereditary pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma (PPGL). Germline mutations in MYC associated factor X(MAX) are responsible for 1.1% of these PPGL; the median age at onset is 33 years and no reliable penetrance estimation is available for MAX-carriers. The authors present the case of a synchronous bilateral pheochromocytoma that prompted the discovery of a proband of MAX mutation and three other r...

Introduction: Multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) syndromes are rare entities characterized by the occurrence of tumors involving two or more endocrine glands in a single patient. These syndromes are classified as type 1 or 2 according to specific phenotypic characteristics. MEN2 encompasses three different subtypes: MEN2A, MEN2B and familial medullary thyroid carcinoma. More recently a syndrome related to mutations in the CDKN1B gene has been described – the syndrome of m...